I. Uses of therapeutic gentle electricity before modern treatment

Use in ancient times

Use in the dawn of modern medicine

Use of medians in accupuncture.

Use in the early 20th Century

Eastern Europeon use and the lack of systematic research

II The modern CES unit-
1. Manufactured by a small group of FDA scrutinized companies.
2. –National Research Council did the first review had two main findings
a .There was not any controlled research
b. A lack of significant side effects.
a. . Research has improved since then. Almost 100 controlled studies of efficacy have been reported. Two meta-analyses have reported CES to have validity
3. The results of the research are that it can be used for various symptoms:
a. Pain applications
1.smooth muscles
2.striated muscles
3. headache
b. Anxiety

Phobia

Generalized anxiety

Situational anxiety vs. chronic anxiety-
c. Insomnia
a. Originally called Electrosleep
b. Good research shows that the changes are likely to be effective within three weeks.
c. The effects at least in my experience and based on research data are that the changes in sleep patterns are durable
d. research is that it has no side effects which is very different than most sleep medications
d-Derivative syndromes
a. Fibromyalgia
b. Attention deficit disorder
c. substance use disorders

III How to use it in practice
a. Show the patient how to use the device. Be aware of signs and symptoms of changes in various aspects of consciousness. In biofeedback you explain to the new patient what he is experiencing and what she/he is likely to experience. The “glass of wine or the feeling of intoxication is worth pointing out . Sleepiness, signified by yawning or eye closing. b. The patient should come into the office with unit and use it at least 15 minutes before starting session and wear it throughout session.
c. Side effects and contraindications.
Contraindications-Pacemeker and Pregnancy
Adverse effects- Low rate of headache
Should not operate a vehicle or motorize equipment if it affect attentiveness.
d- Cumulative effect- For some people the use of CES may be more than relief or recovery it may mean cure.
e.Logging symptom intensity for instance rating withdrawal syndrome.