In this field we have a lot of theories and we seem to continue to reinvent a number of wheels. Coming from a largely Western basis, and with a belief in a particular application of the scientific method, it seems that many can easily forget the depths of prior, well established approaches to understanding and promoting the process of personal transformation. However, this is changing and increasingly modern science has come face to face with its own reflection in several ancient mirrors, most notably Buddhist practice. Karma and Dharma are two fundamental concepts in Buddhist practice. The first refers to the repetitive patterns of cause and effect the re-create habitual cycles of suffering, while the second refers to the precise view and practice that leads to the realization of releasing such suffering. In the Buddhist view we remain in the choice point of Karma (ie repeating our past suffering) or Dharma (ie stepping off of the wheel that recreates our suffering). It is that "OR" that remains critical for we always have a choice: Karma or Dharma. But we can make these ideas a little more approachable by seeing them as acronyms. Karma: Kontinued Affective Re-triggering Maintains Attachment. Dharma: Disrupting Habitual Affective Re-triggering Maintains Aliveness. And the "OR" It refers to the two fundamental operations of the CNS that are most critical to successful neurofeedback training: viz, the Orienting Response and the Relaxation Response. We can choose to either repeat our past - and recreate the attachments we have to our own history and experience of suffering - OR we can choose to release that process of attaching by disrupting it, as it begins to reappear, and thereby return to the aliveness of the present. We do this in neurofeedback by providing audiovisual events that disrupt that process of Affective Re-triggering, invoking the Orienting Response (to directly perceive the relative safety of the present) and thereby invoking the Relaxation Response - when the CSN recognizes and experiences the safety of the training environment. This presentation will explore this set of ideas and present them as a fundamental way to understand what is happening across the range of neurofeedback training.